Department of Health
John J. Dreyzehner, MD, MPH, Commissioner
Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention
Stroke
Stroke is a type of cardiovascular disease which occurs as result of blockage of blood vessel supplying oxygen and nutrients to the brain. This blockage could happen either by a clot or bursts impairing enough supply of oxygenated blood to the effected part which in turn starts to die. Almost every 45 seconds an American gets a stroke.
Types of Stroke
Stroke can happen either by obstruction of blood flow to the brain by a blood clot or obstruction of the flow of blood to the brain by a blood vessel ruptures:
- Ischemic Stroke: Ischemic strokes are the most common type of stroke (83%) and occur as a result of an obstruction in blood vessels supplying the brain
- Hemorrhagic stroke: This type of stroke is not as much common (17%) and results from rupture of blood vessels supplying brain.
Warning Signs
- Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body
- Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding
- Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes
- Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination
- Sudden, severe headache with no known cause
Risk Factors
- High blood pressure
- High blood cholesterol
- Diabetes
- Cigarette smoking
- Overweight/obesity
- Physical inactivity
Resources
For Health Professionals
Standards of Care and Evidence Based Guidelines
General
- Report of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Workshop on Perinatal and Childhood Stroke
- Evidence-Based Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease
- Consensus Conference on Stroke Treatment and Service Delivery
- Get With Guidelines-Stroke (GWTG-S)
- Get With Guidelines Online Course
- Stroke in Childhood Clinical Guidelines
Prevention
- AHA Guidelines for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: Update
- Guidelines for Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack
- Prevention of Ischemic Stroke
- The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure
- Cigarette Smoking, Cardiovascular Disease, and Stroke
- Stroke Prevention: Recommendations
Diagnosis
- Barthel Index
- Glasgow Outcome Scale
- Modified Rankin Scale
- NIH Stroke Scale
- www.ninds.nih.gov/doctors/NIH_Stroke_Scale.pdf
- Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale
- Dallas Stroke Council Stroke Evaluation Sheet
- Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen
- Miami Emergency Neurologic Deficit (MEND) Prehospital Checklist
- American College of Radiology Standards
- Quality Improvement Guidelines for Adult Diagnostic Neuroangiography and Other Procedures
Treatment
- American Heart Association Guidelines For Management of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
- Acute Stroke Treatment Guidelines
- Consensus Conference on Stroke Treatment and Service Delivery
- The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure
- AHA Guidelines for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: Update
- Guidelines for the Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
- Guidelines for the Management of Transient Ischemic Attacks
- Blood Pressure Control and Secondary Stroke Prevention
- Stanford Stroke Center: Ischemic Stroke Management at Stanford Health Services
- Stroke Coding Guide of the American Academy of Neurology
- Treatment guidelines--primary and secondary prevention of stroke
- TPA Stroke Study Group Guidelines
- Prophylaxis and Treatment - Information for doctors in hospitals and practice - Update
- Prevention of a first stroke
- Management of patients with stroke part I: Assessment, investigation, immediate management and secondary prevention
- American Heart Association Prevention Conference IV: Prevention and Rehabilitation of Stroke: Rehabilitation
- Stroke Prevention: Recommendations
Recovery/Rehab
- Management of Stroke Rehabilitation Care
- National Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Update
- Care after Stroke
- American Heart Association Prevention Conference IV: Prevention and Rehabilitation of Stroke: Rehabilitation
- Post-Stroke Rehabilitation
- Physical Activity and Exercise Recommendations for Stroke Survivors
- Management of patients with stroke part IV: Rehabilitation, prevention and management of complications, and discharge planning
Governor Bill Haslam
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